This is one of the topics covered in the Anti-Doping Course for athletes aged 14 years and older and athlete staff. You can take the course and receive a certificate confirming your knowledge of anti-doping regulations onthe RUSADA online learning platform.
And the correct answer is: there are 10 additional types of anti-doping rule violations.
In total, there are 11 types:
1. Presence of a Prohibited Substance or its metabolites or markers in an Athlete’s sample
2. Use or Attempted Use of a Prohibited Substance or Prohibited Method
3. Evading, refusing or failing to submit to sample collection
4. Whereabouts failures
5. Tampering or Attempted Tampering
6. Possession of Prohibited Substances and Prohibited Methods
7. Trafficking or Attempted Trafficking
8. Administration or Attempted Administration
9. Complicity
10. Prohibited Association
11. Acts by an Athlete or other Person to Discourage or Retaliate Against Reporting to Authorities